ARTS 第25周

package org.nocoder.leetcode.solution;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * 12. Integer to Roman
 * <p>
 * Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D and M.
 * <p>
 * Symbol       Value
 * I             1
 * V             5
 * X             10
 * L             50
 * C             100
 * D             500
 * M             1000
 * For example, two is written as II in Roman numeral, just two one's added together.
 * Twelve is written as, XII, which is simply X + II. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII, which is XX + V + II.
 * <p>
 * Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However,
 * the numeral for four is not IIII. Instead, the number four is written as IV.
 * Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine,
 * which is written as IX. There are six instances where subtraction is used:
 * <p>
 * I can be placed before V (5) and X (10) to make 4 and 9.
 * X can be placed before L (50) and C (100) to make 40 and 90.
 * C can be placed before D (500) and M (1000) to make 400 and 900.
 * Given an integer, convert it to a roman numeral. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.
 * <p>
 * Example 1:
 * <p>
 * Input: 3
 * Output: "III"
 * Example 2:
 * <p>
 * Input: 4
 * Output: "IV"
 * Example 3:
 * <p>
 * Input: 9
 * Output: "IX"
 * Example 4:
 * <p>
 * Input: 58
 * Output: "LVIII"
 * Explanation: L = 50, V = 5, III = 3.
 * Example 5:
 * <p>
 * Input: 1994
 * Output: "MCMXCIV"
 * Explanation: M = 1000, CM = 900, XC = 90 and IV = 4.
 *
 * @author yangjinlong
 * @date 2018-12-21 16:34:50
 */
public class IntegerToRoman {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        IntegerToRoman integerToRoman = new IntegerToRoman();
        System.out.println(integerToRoman.intToRoman(3));
    }

    private String intToRoman(int num) {
        int[] numbers = {1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1};
        HashMap<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(1, "I");
        map.put(4, "IV");
        map.put(5, "V");
        map.put(9, "IX");
        map.put(10, "X");
        map.put(40, "XL");
        map.put(50, "L");
        map.put(90, "XC");
        map.put(100, "C");
        map.put(400, "CD");
        map.put(500, "D");
        map.put(900, "CM");
        map.put(1000, "M");
        String result = new String();
        for (int i : numbers) {
            while (num >= i) {
                result += map.get(i);
                num -= i;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

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